船舶柔性推进轴系校中特性研究

Alignment Characteristics of Ship Flexible Propulsion Shafting

关键词:  船舶轴系  柔性支撑  轴系校中  灵敏度分析  综合优化

Key words:  Ship shafting  Flexible support  Shafting alignment  Sensitivity analysis  Comprehensive optimization

摘要:

为研究柔性支撑方式对轴系校中状态的影响，综合考虑油膜刚度、轴承支点、筏架柔性及气囊隔振器的弹性形变、动刚度等因素，建立柔性支撑结构刚度模型。基于灵敏度分析，计算各参数对柔性支撑下轴承等效变位的影响，使用Kirging响应面法解决各气囊、筏架、轴承等效变位关于轴承负荷参数的耦合，最终以艉轴承负荷和筏架调平量为目标变量完成校中综合优化。校中分析结果表明：柔性推进轴系校中状态同时受轴承垂向变位、筏架形变、气囊刚度和形变等因素影响，其中形变因素影响较大；轴承负荷关于各单独因素近似呈线性变化，但各因素之间的耦合关系使轴系负荷呈非线性；基于响应面法同时调整筏架姿态和轴承负荷，改善轴系校中状态，使艉轴承负荷降低27%。

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of the flexible support mode on the alignment state of shafting， the stiffness model of the bearing and flexible support structure were established by comprehensively considering the oil film stiffness， bearing position， flexibility of raft frame， elastic deformation and dynamic stiffness of the air spring. Based on the sensitivity analysis， the effects of each parameter on the equivalent displacement of the bearing under the flexible support were calculated， and the Kirging response surface method was used to solve the coupling of the equivalent displacement of each air spring， raft frame and bearing on the load parameters. Finally， the adjustment optimization was completed by taking the stern bearing load and raft frame leveling as target variables. The results of alignment analysis show that the alignment state of the flexible propulsion shafting is affected by bearing vertical displacement， raft frame deformation， air springstiffness and deformation， among which deformation factors have a greater influence. Bearing load is approximately linear with respect to each individual factor， but the coupling relation between each factor makes shafting load non-linear. Based on the response surface method， the attitude of raft frame and load of shaft section were adjusted simultaneously to improve the alignment state of shaft system and reduce the load of stern bearing by 27%.