共翼型舵潜艇操纵运动的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Steering Motion of Submarine with Conformal Rudder

关键词:  共翼型舵  潜艇操纵运动  水动力系数  水平面回转  垂直面机动

Key words:  Conformal rudder  Steering motion of submarine  Hydrodynamic coefficients  Horizontal rotation  Vertical maneuver

摘要:

为了提高潜艇的战术机动性能，采用一种稳定翼与转动舵共型的尾操纵面设计，为优化潜艇操纵性能提供新方案。采用数值模拟方法，针对SUBOFF标模进行系列的约束模型试验模拟，获取其水动力系数并与实验结果进行对比，确保计算方法的有效性。在此基础上，对潜艇的尾操纵面进行改造，分别设计非共型、共型尾操纵面，模拟两种尾操纵面形式潜艇在垂直面和水平面内操舵后的机动状态。采用共翼型设计的尾操纵面潜艇的操纵性能改善明显，在15°转动舵角范围内，共型舵艇的下潜速度相对非共型艇提高了21.3%~91.9%，回转直径相对于非共型艇减小了18.5%~28.1%，回转周期缩短了18.8%~46.5%，初始转艏时间缩短了5%~13.4%。共型尾操纵面设计能大幅提升潜艇的操纵性能指标。其在力学性能方面存在足够的裕度，因此可为潜艇其它性能方面进行更加深入的优化提供空间。

Abstract:

The maneuverability of submarine is one of the most important overall performances. In order to improve the tactical maneuverability of the submarine， the firm maneuverable surface adopt a complete profile design composed of stable wing and rotating rudder， providing a new scheme for optimizing the maneuverability of submarine. A series of numerical simulations on SUBOFF mode based on the constraint model were carried out to gain the hydrodynamic coefficients. These hydrodynamic coefficients were compared with experimental results to assure validity of the computation method. Based on the method， design submarine with conformal， non-conformal firm maneuverable surface respectively and simulate the dynamic state of the two submarines after steering in vertical plane and horizontal plane. The maneuverability performance of the conformal submarine improve obviously， under 15° of the rotating rudder， the dive velocity increases 21.3%~91.9%， the swing diameter decreases 18.5%~28.1%， the period of revolution decreases 18.8%~46.5% and the time of bow turning decreases 5%~13.4% compared with the traditional one. Conformal firm maneuverable surface design can largely improve the maneuverability indexes. Meanwhile， enough margin of mechanical performance provide space to make deep optimization in other respects of the submarine.