无人机用混合动力系统综合分析

Comprehensive Analysis of Hybrid System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

关键词:  无人机  混合动力系统  关键技术  高功率密度  高能量密度  综述

Key words:  Unmanned aerial vehicle  Hybrid system  Key technologies  High power density  High energy density  Review

摘要:

混合动力系统是介于传统发动机和全电推进系统之间的一种新型推进形式。本文首先针对无人机对混合动力系统的需求，梳理了系统的架构形式、特点和发展现状等；其次对系统四大关键技术进行了提炼分析和评价；最后分析了技术研究的发展趋势并提出了发展建议。研究表明：针对无人机动力需求，在现有技术水平下，混合动力系统是一种兼顾高效与性能的优良方案，可真正实现无人机的个性化设计。同时，混合动力系统也存在着系统总体设计、高效高功重比电机、能量综合管理、高能量密度储能等关键技术瓶颈，是需要重点研究和攻克的方向。

Abstract:

Hybrid system is a new form of promotion between traditional aeroengine and full electric propulsion. Firstly， the architectural form， the structure features， the operating principle and development status of the hybrid system are sort out for unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） requirements. Secondly， four key technologies of hybrid system are extracted and analyzed. Finally， some development trends and suggestions for the technology developments are proposed. The research shows that for the power demand of UAV， within actual technology condition， the hybrid system is an excellent solution given consideration to high efficiency and performance for aviation propulsion， which can truly realize the personalized design of UAV. At the same time， the key technology bottlenecks including overall system design， high efficiency and high work weight ratio electric machinery， integrated energy management and high energy density charge-storage， do exist within the hybrid system yet to be researched and resolved.