固体火箭冲压发动机含硼推进剂燃烧性能实验研究

Experimental Study on Combustion Performance of Propellant Containing Boron for Solid Rocket Ramjet

关键词:  固体火箭冲压发动机  含硼推进剂  凝聚相产物  取样方法  产物分析

Key words:  Solid rocket ramjet  Boron-based propellant  Condensed combustion products  Sampling method  Product analysis

摘要:

利用地面直连试验系统对含硼推进剂在某固体火箭冲压发动燃烧过程性能进行试验研究。通过对含硼推进剂燃烧后凝聚相样品的SEM，EDS和XPS分析，探讨推进剂燃烧过程。在凝聚相EDS分析中，硼元素含量随着远离推进剂轴向方向显著降低，氧元素含量显著升高。在补燃室中，由于补充富氧空气，一次燃烧产物进一步反应，导致环境温度上升。由于高温，硼颗粒发生燃烧，产生大量气态硼化物，从而导致硼元素含量下降。二次燃烧凝聚相产物中，硼的非完全氧化物占比在40%以上，氮化硼占比在20%以上，硼颗粒占比7%以下。研究结果表明，随着推进剂在燃气发生器和补燃室内的一、二次燃烧，硼颗粒逐渐减少，并分别与环境中的C和O等元素发生化学反应，在凝聚相中的含量逐渐降低，氧元素在补燃室之后显著增加，氮化硼为凝聚相主要成分之一，存在于各特征位置。推进剂中的硼颗粒没有被完全燃烧，燃烧效率有待于进一步提高。

Abstract:

The ground direct connection test system is used to test the performance of the boron-containing propellant in the combustion process of the solid rocket ramjet. The combustion process of the boron-containing propellant is investigated by SEM， EDS and XPS analysis of the condensed phase samples after combustion. In the condensed phase EDS analysis， the boron element content decreases significantly as it moves away from the axial direction of the propellant， and the oxygen element content increases significantly. In the secondary combustion chamber， due to the supplement of oxygen-enriched air， the primary combustion products react further， causing the ambient temperature to rise. Boron particles are burned because of the high temperature， and a large amount of gaseous boride is produced， which leads to a decrease in boron element content. In the secondary combustion condensed phase products， boron incomplete oxide accounts for more than 40%， boron nitride accounts for more than 20%， and boron particles account for less than 7%. The results show that with the primary and secondary combustion of the propellant in the gas generator and the secondary combustion chamber， the boron particles decrease gradually and react with the elements such as C and O in the environment respectively. The content of boron particles in condensed phase decreases gradually and the content of oxygen element increases significantly in the back of the secondary combustion chamber. As one of the main components of condensed phase， boron nitride exists in various characteristic locations. The boron particles in the propellant have not been completely burned and the combustion efficiency needs to be further improved.