船用柴油机涡轮增压技术发展现状

Development Status of Marine Diesel Engine Turbocharging Technology

关键词:  船用柴油机  涡轮增压系统  涡轮增压器  节能  减排  综述

Key words:  Marine diesel engine  Turbocharging system  Turbocharger  Energy saving  Emission reduction  Review

摘要:

船舶动力排放与经济性法规日趋严格，推动船用柴油机涡轮增压技术向高增压、高效率和电动化等方向快速发展。本文分别从涡轮增压系统与涡轮增压器部件角度，对国内外主要船用柴油机增压技术的基本原理、主要特性、应用机型等内容进行了详细阐述，重点分析两级涡轮增压、相继增压、可变涡轮增压和机电复合涡轮增压等增压系统技术，以及高效宽域压气机和高效涡轮等增压部件技术，展望了船用柴油机增压技术发展趋势。

Abstract:

Regulations on emission and fuel economy of marine power system are becoming stricter， which drives the rapid development of marine diesel engine turbocharging technologies towards high turbocharging， high efficiency， and electrification. From the perspective of turbocharging systems and turbocharger components， basic principles， main characteristics and application models of domestic and foreign marine diesel engine turbocharging technologies are elaborated on. Turbocharging systems including two-stage turbocharging， sequential turbocharging， variable geometry turbocharging and electric turbocharging technologies are focused on followed by the overview of development of turbocharging components including high-efficiency， wide-range compressor and high-efficiency turbine. At last， the development trend of marine diesel turbocharging technologies is prospected.