键合剂对聚三唑聚醚固体推进剂力学性能影响研究 *

Effects of Bonding Agents on Mechanical Properties of Polytriazole Polyether Solid Composite Propellant

关键词:  点击化学  键合剂  固体推进剂  力学性能

Key words:  Click chemistry  Bonding agents  Solid propellant  Mechanical properties

摘要:

为了找到满足聚三唑聚醚复合推进剂使用要求的键合剂，合成了一系列不同羟基含量的键合剂，TNG—OH。利用13C—NMR，FTIR和热失重对其结构和热稳定性进行了表征，并将其应用到聚三唑聚醚复合固体推进剂中。13C—NMR和FTIR结果确定了三唑环的形成以及羟基和叠氮基的存在，而热失重结果则表明键合剂中三唑环的形成有利于其热稳定性的提高。键合剂TNG—OH在含高氯酸铵、铝粉和硝胺的聚三唑复合固体推进剂中能显著提高其力学性能:与不含键合剂体系相比，60℃和20℃时，复合推进剂的拉伸强度和断裂应变显著提高；-40℃时，所有推进剂体系均发生了明显的屈服现象，且屈服强度和屈服应变以及断裂应变均随着TNG—OH键合剂中羟基含量的增加而增加。与传统聚氨酯用键合剂LBA–604相比，含键合剂TNG—OH的聚三唑复合固体推进剂具有更好的力学性能。

Abstract:

In order to prepare the appropriate bonding agents for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the polytriazole solid composite propellant， a series of bonding agents with different hydroxyl?content， TNG—OH， were successfully synthesized. The structure and thermal stability of TNG—OH were investigated by 13C—NMR， FTIR and TG analysis， respectively， and the bonding agents TNG—OH were used to improve the mechanical properties of the polytriazole solid propellant composite. The formation of the triazole and the existence of hydroxyl?group and azide group were determined by the 13C—NMR and FTIR results. The TG results revealed that the formation of the triazole group enhances the thermal stability of the bonding agents TNG—OH. The introduction of TNG—OH bonding agents dramatically improved the mechanical properties of the polytriazole solid propellant containing ammonium perchlorate (AP)， aluminium powder and nitramine. Compared with the polytriazole composite propellant without bonding agents， at 20°C and 60°C， the tensile stress and the fracture strain of the polytriazole composite propellant containing bonding agents TNG—OH dramatically increase with the increasing hydroxy content in the bonding agent TNG—OH. At -40°C， an obvious yield behavior was observed， and the yield strength， yield stain， and fracture strain increased with the increasing content of the hydroxy group in bonding agent TNG—OH. Additionally， compared with the traditional bonding agent LBA-604， the polytriazole solid composite propellant containing the bonding agent TNG—OH exhibited excellent mechanical properties.