文氏管在煤油燃料超燃冲压发动机中的应用

Application of control technology based on Venturi in kerosene fueled scramjet

关键词:  冲压喷气发动机  超音速燃烧  燃料  流量控制  文氏管

Key words:  Ramjet engine  Supersonic combustion  Fuel  Flow control  Venturi tube

摘要:

为了提高试验效率, 将文氏管流量控制技术应用到液体煤油燃料超燃冲压发动机地面直连式试验中,在一次试车中完成了多个燃料当量比的试验。在模型发动机 2 5s工作时间内, 利用流量调节系统实现了煤油流量阶梯变化, 对应当量比分别为 1 01, 0 88和 0 71, 随着燃料流量减小, 超燃冲压模型发动机维持稳定燃烧, 发动机推力减小, 燃烧室压力降低, 隔离段内预燃激波串位置后移。试验结果说明文氏管流量控制系统工作稳定, 调节过程清晰, 达到预定试验目的, 并且该技术可作为一个有效的手段应用到变当量比超燃冲压发动机燃烧过程动态特性研究中。

Abstract:

To improve the experiment efficiency, fuel mass flow control technology based on throttling Venturi was applied to the direct-connect test of a liquid kerosene fuel scramjet with a Mach 3 incoming stream. Different kerosene mass flows were achieved with variable mass flow Venturi during 2.5 seconds of stable combustion of pure kerosene in a scramjet combustor ignited by a special torch igniter. Along with the decrease of kerosene mass flow, corresponding fuel equivalence ratio are 1.01, 0.88, and 0.71, the thrust and wall static pressure of combustor decreased, shock train in isolator moved to downstream. Results of experiments indicated that the fuel mass flow controller worked accurately and reliably. It is a useful tool for the studies on dynamic process of supersonic combustion when the equivalence ratio changes.