双喷孔滑油喷嘴流动及流量特性的数值计算研究

Numerical Investigation of Flow and Volume Flow Rate Characteristics of Oil Jet Nozzles with Two Orifices

关键词:  滑油喷嘴  喷孔距离  孔径比  喷孔分布顺序  数值模拟  VOF方法

Key words:  Oil jet nozzle  Distance between orifices  Diameter ratio of orifices  Order distribution of orifices  Numerical simulation  VOF method

摘要:

为了研究双喷孔滑油喷嘴内部流动及流量特性，根据滑油喷嘴流动特点基于VOF（Volume of Fluid）两相流方法建立了滑油喷嘴流动的数值计算模型。在验证数值计算方法可靠性的基础上，计算并分析了喷孔间距、孔径比和喷孔分布顺序对喷嘴流动及流量特性的影响。结果表明，双喷孔结构中各喷孔滑油流量均小于其单喷孔的滑油流量，孔径比相同时各喷孔流量与其单喷孔流量的差值均随喷孔距的增加而减小，孔径比为2.0、喷孔距为基准孔径的两倍时喷孔流量的最大偏差达到了4.4%；下游喷孔滑油流量随孔径比的增加而减小，孔径比越大、喷孔距越小时上游喷孔对下游喷孔的流动影响越大，下游喷孔流量与单喷孔流量相差越大，喷孔距为基准孔径的两倍、孔径比由1.0增加至2.0时下游喷孔的流量减小了2.8%；相同孔径喷孔在同一孔距下位于喷嘴主体上游时的滑油流量均大于其位于下游时的滑油流量，但滑油喷嘴总流量几乎相同。

Abstract:

In order to study the internal flow and volume flow rate characteristics of the oil jet nozzles with two orifices. According to the flow characteristics of oil jet nozzle, a numerical calculation model of the flow of the nozzle was established based on the VOF（Volume of Fluid） two-phase method. Based on the verification of the reliability of the numerical calculation method, the effects of orifice distance, diameter ratio and orifice distribution order on oil jet nozzle flow and volume flow rate characteristics were calculated and analyzed. The results show that the volume flow rate of each orifice in the two orifices structure is smaller than the oil volume flow rate of the single orifice. The difference between the volume flow rate of each orifice and the volume flow rate of single orifice at the same diameter ratio decreases with the increase of orifice distance, and the maximum deviation of the volume flow rate of orifice is 4.4% when the diameter ratio is 2.0 and the orifice distance is twice the base orifice diameter. The volume flow rate of the downstream orifice decreases with the increase of the diameter ratio. The larger diameter ratio and the smaller distance of two orifices, the greater influence of the upstream orifice on the downstream orifice, and the difference of volume flow rate between the downstream orifice and single orifice is larger. When the orifice distance is twice the base orifice diameter and the diameter ratio increased from 1.0 to 2.0, the flow rate of the downstream orifice decreased by 2.8%. The oil volume flow rate of the same orifice diameter located upstream of the nozzle at the same orifice distance is greater than the volume flow rate when it is located downstream, but the total volume flow rate of oil jet nozzle is almost same.