嵌套霍尔推力器的热优化策略研究

An investigation of thermal optimization strategies in nested Hall thrusters

关键词:  嵌套霍尔推力器  热优化策略  散热片  导磁零件  数值模拟

Key words:  Nested Hall thruster  Thermal optimization strategy  Radiator  Magnetic parts  Numerical simulation

摘要:

嵌套霍尔推力器的高温特性是影响其性能与可靠性的重要因素。为研究嵌套霍尔推力器的热优化策略，本文采用引入辐射传递系数的导热微分方程来描述推力器的传热过程，并在真空舱内开展50 kW级嵌套霍尔推力器的测温验证试验，验证和修正数值模型，修正后的模型计算误差在4.8%。在此基础上，利用数值模型针对三种热优化策略下的嵌套霍尔推力器温度分布进行求解，获得各个优化策略下的温度变化规律与机理。结果表明，同时采取三种优化策略下，温度最高导磁零件的温度可降低约90 K；三种优化策略中，添加散热片是最显著的降温策略，而改变放电室支撑柱厚度与更换放电室外壁表面处理的优化效果略有下降。

Abstract:

The high-temperature nature of nested Hall thrusters （NHT） has exerted a significant impact on their performance and reliability. In order to study the optimization strategy of the temperature distribution in NHTs， a solution of the heat conduction differential equations within the radiation transfer coefficient was employed to describe the heat transfer process in the NHT. Then， a temperature measurement test of the 50 kW-class NHT was conducted in the vacuum chamber， and the comparison between the calculation and the measurement results was used to justify and rectify the numerical model. The relative error of the rectified model was 4.8%. Based on those above， the temperature distribution of the NHT under the three optimization strategies was solved by the numerical model， and the temperature change pattern and mechanism under each optimization strategy were obtained. The results show that， under the case with all three optimization strategies， the temperature of the magnetic conductive part with the highest temperature can be reduced by about 90 K. Among the three optimization strategies， adding the radiator is the most remarkable cooling strategy， while the optimization effect of changing the thickness of the support column of the discharge chamber and replacing the surface treatment of the discharge chamber outer wall is slightly poor.