基于特征解耦控制的压气机失速脉动气压模拟方法

Compressor Stall Pulsation Pressure Simulation Based on Characteristic Decoupling Control

关键词:  航空发动机  控制系统  压气机  失速  气压模拟  脉动特征解耦  半物理仿真试验

Key words:  Aeroengine  Control system  Compressor  Stall  Pneumatic pressure simulation  Pulsation characteristic decoupling  Semi physical simulation test

摘要:

在航空发动机控制系统半物理仿真试验中，通过模拟压气机失速时的高频脉动气压可验证喘振传感器与失稳检测系统的可靠性，从而避免逼喘试验的高成本与高风险。针对当前脉动气压发生器普遍存在的脉动特征耦合问题，提出了一种基于特征解耦控制的压气机失速脉动气压模拟方法。首先介绍了气压模拟系统的总体设计方案；随后建立气压模拟系统的综合模型并通过仿真分析其输入输出特性；基于此，提出一种充放气比例阀和旋转阀的组合控制策略；最后以不同脉动特征的气压为模拟目标，进行多组仿真与试验。结果表明，所设计的阀门组合及特征解耦控制策略可实现脉动频率0~200Hz、脉动幅值比0~0.4及基准压力800kPa范围内的脉动气压动态调节，满足压气机多种失稳模式下的失速压力信号模拟需求。

Abstract:

In the semi physical simulation of aeroengine control systems， the reliability of surge sensor and instability detection system can be verified by simulating the high-frequency pulsating air pressure during compressor stall， so as to avoid the high cost and high risk of forced surge test. Aiming at the coupling problem of pressure pulsation characteristics existing in the current pulsating pressure generator， a compressor stall pulsation pressure simulation method based on the characteristic decoupling control is proposed. Firstly， the overall design scheme of air pressure simulation system is put forward. Then， the comprehensive model of the air pressure simulation system is established， and the input and output characteristics of the system are analyzed by simulation. On this basis， a combined control strategy of charging and discharging proportional valve and rotary valve is proposed. Finally， several groups of simulations and experiments are carried out aiming at the air pressure with different pulsation characteristics. The results show that the designed valve combination and characteristic decoupling control strategy realize the dynamic adjustment of pulsating air pressure in the range of pulsating frequency 0~200Hz， pulsating amplitude ratio 0~0.4 and reference pressure 800kPa， and can be used for the characteristic simulation of the stall pressure signal under various instability modes of the compressor.