基于圆盘燃烧室的爆震波与来流相互作用研究

Interaction Between Detonation Wave and Incoming Flow Based on Disc-Shaped Combustor

关键词:  圆盘燃烧室  旋转爆震波  隔离段  数值计算  纹影

Key words:  Disc-shaped combustor  Rotating detonation wave  Isolator  Numerical simulation  Schlieren

摘要:

针对旋转爆震发动机传统环形隔离段不易进行光学观测的难题，设计了一套可实现隔离段流场观测的圆盘形旋转爆震燃烧室。通过数值计算和光学观测试验，对圆盘燃烧室中爆震波与来流相互作用的典型流场结构进行了研究，并分析了不同因素的影响规律。研究发现：爆震波诱导出的斜激波在向隔离段上游发展的过程中强度逐渐减弱，爆震反压的前传距离随周向角度增大出现先增加后降低的趋势；增大隔离段入口总压、减小隔离段出口马赫数、提高爆震波传播速度均有利于减缓爆震波与来流相互作用强度，提升隔离段的起动性能；试验中观测到与数值计算定性一致的隔离段流动现象，为开展爆震波与来流相互作用研究提供了有效试验观测手段。

Abstract:

Aiming at the difficulty of optical observation in a traditional annular isolator of rotating detonation engine， a disc-shaped rotating detonation combustor was proposed to realize the flow field observation in isolator. Based on numerical calculation and optical observation test， the typical interaction phenomenon of detonation wave and incoming flow in the disc-shaped combustor was studied， and the influences of different factors were analyzed. It is found that the oblique shock induced by rotating backpressure becomes weakened gradually in the process of propagating upstream. The forward distance of detonation backpressure increases first and then decreases with the increase of circumferential angle. Increasing the inlet total pressure， reducing the outlet Mach number， and increasing the propagation speed of detonation wave will help to reduce the interaction strength between detonation wave and incoming flow， and improve the performance of isolator. The flow phenomenon observed during the test is qualitatively consistent with the numerical calculation， which provides an effective experimental observation method for the study of the interaction between detonation wave and incoming flow.