特斯拉阀对压气机深度喘振影响研究

Effects of Tesla-Valve on Compressor Deep Surge

关键词:  压气机  喘振  流动失稳  特斯拉阀  非定常气动力

Key words:  Compressor  Surge  Flow instability  Tesla-valve  Unsteady aerodynamic force

摘要:

深度喘振是压气机运行过程中最为恶劣的、极具破坏性的流动失稳现象，与压气机部件性能以及系统特性紧密相关。本文通过在压气机上下游采用特斯拉阀以改变系统特性，对比分析了不同特斯拉阀方案对深度喘振的影响规律和机理。研究结果表明，特斯拉阀位置不同对压气机深度喘振特性的影响不一样：压气机下游采用特斯拉阀延长了深度喘振中充放气时间，降低了深度喘振频率同时增大了喘振圈大小；而上游采用特斯拉阀可贮存高温压缩流体，提升进口总温从而使压气机折合转速降低，进而降低压气机最大压升，减小了叶轮所受最大非定常轴向气动力和喘振圈的大小，有效控制了喘振强度。

Abstract:

Deep surge is the most severe and destructive flow instability phenomenon during compressor operation， and it is significantly influenced by both the compressor performance and entire system characteristics. Tesla-valve is employed upstream and downstream of a compressor to change the characteristics of the compression system. Comparisons and analysis are carried out to reveal the effects of Tesla-valve on compressor deep surge. Different influences on deep surge characteristics were observed when Tesla-valve was installed at different locations. When installed downstream of the compressor， Tesla-valve slows down the charging and discharging processes during deep surge， which causes a decrease in deep surge frequency and an increase in the size of deep surge loop. When installed upstream of the compressor， Tesla-valve functions as a storage of the compressed fluid with high temperature， as a result， the inlet total temperature increases and the corrected rotating speed of the compressor decreases， and the maximum pressure rise of the compressor significantly decreases. It not only limits the maximum unsteady axial aerodynamic force applied to the impeller， but also suppresses the loop size and intensity of deep surge.