纳米氧化锆对新型芳氧基聚磷腈绝热材料性能的影响

Effects of Nano-Zirconia on Properties of Novel Poly(aryloxyphosphazene) Insulations

关键词:  绝热层  纳米氧化锆  聚磷腈  炭化层  耐烧蚀性能

Key words:  Insulation  Nano-zirconia  Polyphosphazene  Charred layer  Ablation resistance

摘要:

为满足现代固体火箭发动机对绝热层提出的更高的要求，通过TGA、力学性能、氧乙炔烧蚀、SEM等试验方法，研究了纳米氧化锆（n-ZrO₂）作为耐高温陶瓷填料对新型芳氧基聚磷腈（PDPP）绝热材料性能的影响。结果表明，PDPP基体本身具有优异的热稳定性和自身成炭性；n-ZrO₂的加入能够在PDPP绝热材料炭化层表面形成一层白色的熔融态“保护膜”，起到阻隔热量传递、提高PDPP绝热材料耐烧蚀性能的作用；n-ZrO₂还能显著提高PDPP绝热材料的拉伸强度。添加15份n-ZrO₂的PDPP绝热材料能够获得优异的性能，其线烧蚀率为0.038mm/s，拉伸强度为12.0MPa。PDPP/n-ZrO₂优异的抗烧蚀能力表明PDPP材料在热防护领域具有良好的应用潜力。

Abstract:

In order to meet the higher requirements of modern solid rocket motors for insulations， the effects of nano-zirconia （n-ZrO₂） based high temperature resistant ceramic filler on the properties of novel poly（aryloxyphosphazene） （PDPP） insulations were studied by means of TGA， mechanical properties， oxy-acetylene ablation and SEM testing. The results show that the PDPP matrix itself has excellent thermal stability and self-carbonization property. The addition of n-ZrO₂ can form a layer of white molten “protective film” on the surface of charred layer of PDPP insulations， which plays a role of blocking heat transfer and improving their ablation resistance. The addition of n-ZrO₂ can also significantly improve the tensile strength of PDPP insulations. PDPP insulation has the best performance with the addition of 15 phr n-ZrO₂， with a linear ablation rate of 0.038 mm/s and a tensile strength of 12.0MPa. The excellent ablation resistance of PDPP/n-ZrO₂ indicates that PDPP materials have a great potential application in the field of thermal protection.