脉冲磁流体发电技术研究进展

Research Progress of Pulsed MHD Power Generation Technology

关键词:  脉冲磁流体发电机  高功率电源  磁流体动力学行为  发电机性能  航空航天  综述

Key words:  Pulsed magnetohydrodynamic（MHD）generators  High-power source  MHD dynamic behavior  Generator performance  Aerospace  Review

摘要:

总结和阐述了现有脉冲磁流体发电机的类型及其国内外研究进展，同时对磁流体发电过程中的关键技术和科学问题（近电极压降、边界层分离、Hartmann效应、发电系统建模、性能分析、高磁雷诺数、强电磁效应、阻抗匹配等）进行了综述总结，以期掌握磁流体动力学行为及能量转化机理，提升发电机性能，并介绍了在航空航天领域的三种主要应用方式，磁流体能量旁路、超燃冲压发动机驱动的磁流体发电及表面磁流体发电。最后，对脉冲磁流体发电技术的发展趋势进行了总结和展望，旨在对其实用化进程提供指导和借鉴。

Abstract:

This paper summarizes the types of existing pulsed MHD generators and their research progress at home and abroad. Furthermore， the key technical and scientific issues in the process of MHD power generation （near electrode voltage drop， boundary layer separation， Hartmann effect， power generation system modeling， performance analysis， high magnetic Reynolds number， strong electromagnetic effect， impedance matching， etc.） are reviewed and summarized in order to grasp the MHD dynamic behavior and the mechanism of energy conversion， improve MHD generator performance. Then， three main applications in the aerospace field are introduced， including MHD energy bypass， scramjet-driven air bone MHD power generation， and surface MHD power generation. Finally， the development trend of pulsed MHD technology is summarized and prospected， the aim is to provide guidance and reference significance for its practical process.