霍尔推力器能量损失系统性评价方法

Systematic Evaluation Method for Power Loss of Hall Thruster

关键词:  霍尔推力器  能量损失  热沉积  热流  评价方法

Key words:  Hall thruster  Power loss  Thermal power deposition  Heat flow  Evaluation methodology

摘要:

从能量损失分析的角度研究影响霍尔推力器效率的典型物理过程及机理，建立了针对霍尔推力器能量损失的系统性评价方法，从霍尔推力器能量转化过程入手，并以能量的最终作用对象及性质作为分类的标准，建立了新的能量损失体系，针对各项损失能量建立了实验评估方法。实验结果显示，阳极热沉积、壁面热沉积、羽流发散导致的能量损失是制约霍尔推力器效率的主导因素，其占比分别达到5.2%，24.7%，6.1%。实验测得所有输出功率占输入阳极放电功率比例达到102.1%。经不确定度分析，认为是阳极热沉积、电离能、阴极耦合损失的高估导致的，但该方法诊断得到的各项损失相对数量级关系是确定的。利用实验校核了方法的可行性，为霍尔推力器性能以及设计水平的评价提供了新的视角。

Abstract:

The typical physical processes and mechanisms affecting the efficiency of Hall thruster from the perspective of power loss analysis were studied. In addition， a systematic evaluation method for the power loss of Hall thruster was established. A new power loss system of Hall thruster was established from a standard of classification that took the final function objects and properties of power in the process of power conversion into account. The experimental evaluation method was established for each power loss. The experimental results show that thermal power deposited on the ceramic wall and anode， and radial plume kinetic power were the dominant factor causing efficiency loss of Hall thruster， which accounted for 5.2%， 24.7% and 6.1%， respectively. Experimentally measured all output power to input anode power ratio reached 102.1%. Uncertainty analysis considered that the over-estimation of anode thermal deposition， ionization energy， cathode coupling loss was the main reason， but the relative magnitude of each power loss was certain. Experimental result checked the feasibility of the method， providing a new perspective for the evaluation of Hall thruster performance and design.