单/双轴预拉载荷对碳纤维复合材料高速冲击性能的影响研究

Effects of Uniaxial/Biaxial Pretension Load on High-Speed Impact Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites

关键词:  预加载  复合材料  高速冲击  分层损伤  能量吸收  弹道极限

Key words:  Preloading  Composite materials  High-speed impact  Delamination damage  Energy absorption  Ballistic limit

摘要:

针对发动机工作时受预载荷的叶片受到外物冲击的情况，设计一种面内单轴及双轴预加载装置，开展单轴与双轴不同大小预拉载荷下碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料（T700/TDE-86）的高速冲击试验，探究预拉载荷对复合材料抗冲击性能的影响，并结合超声C扫描分析预拉载荷对损伤面积的影响。结果表明：面内初始载荷对复合材料层合板抗冲击性能和分层损伤面积有显著影响；预拉载荷会提高靶板的抗弯刚度，减少靶板吸收的能量，减小弹道极限，且在双轴预拉情况下更明显；弹体击穿靶板后分层损伤面积几乎不变，而预拉载荷会减小分层损伤面积，且在双轴预拉情况下更明显。

Abstract:

Aiming at the situation that the preloaded blades are impacted by foreign objects when the engine is working， an in-plane uniaxial and biaxial preloading device is designed. The high-speed impact test of carbon fiber/epoxy composites （T700/TDE-86） under different pretension loads of uniaxial and biaxial is carried out. The influence of pretension load on the impact resistance of composite materials is explored， and the influence of pretension load on the damage area is analyzed in combination with ultrasonic C-scan. The results show that the initial in-plane load has a significant effect on the impact resistance and delamination damage area of the composite laminate. The pretension load will increase the flexural rigidity of the target plate， reduce the energy absorbed by the target plate， and reduce the ballistic limit， and that is more obvious in the case of biaxial pretension. After the projectile penetrates the target plate， the delamination damage area is almost unchanged. The pretension load will reduce the delamination damage area， and that is more obvious in the case of biaxial pretension.