跨声速压气机叶片掠和机匣处理组合效应的机理研究

Mechanism of Combined Effect of Blade Sweeping and Casing Treatment in Transonic Compressor Rotor

关键词:  机匣处理  掠叶片  跨声速压气机  数值模拟  稳定裕度

Key words:  Casing treatment  Swept blade  Transonic compressor  Numerical simulation  Stability margin

摘要:

针对典型跨声速压气机转子，采用非定常数值模拟方法研究了叶片掠设计和机匣处理的组合作用对压气机转子性能的综合影响。分别探讨了转子前掠、后掠和掠叶片与机匣处理组合等形式对转子峰值效率和稳定工作裕度的影响效果和内在机制。研究发现，前掠转子与机匣处理组合能够以较小的效率损失（-0.56%）为代价获得最佳的扩稳效果；在前掠转子与机匣处理组合作用下，对间隙泄漏流的动量激励和叶顶低能堵塞流体的有效消除是组合机匣处理扩稳的本质原因。结果表明，采取前掠转子和机匣处理的组合形式，可以弥补前掠转子设计损失转子最大负荷的不足，同时以较少的效率损失代价充分发挥了机匣处理的扩稳潜力。

Abstract:

The combined effect of blade sweeping and casing treatment on the performance of compressor rotor was studied by unsteady numerical simulation in a typical transonic compressor rotor. The effects of forward swept rotor， backward swept rotor and combination of swept blade and casing treatment on the peak efficiency and stability margin of the compressor rotor were discussed in details. The results showed that the combined effect of forward swept rotor design and casing treatment could effectively improve the rotor stability margin with slight rotor efficiency deficit （-0.56%）. With the combined effect of forward swept rotor and casing treatment， the main reasons for effectively expanding the stability margin were the momentum excitation of tip leakage flow and the elimination of low-energy blockage flow at tip region. The combination of forward swept rotor and casing treatment fully exploits the stability expansion potential of casing treatment with less efficiency loss. At the same time， it makes up for the shortcoming of the maximum loading loss in swept rotor design.