原子层热电堆热流传感器在激波风洞试验中的应用

Atomic Layer Thermopile Heat-Flux Sensor and Its Application in Shock Tunnel Tests

关键词:  激波风洞  高频脉动  原子层热电堆  热流  时频分析  标定

Key words:  Shock tunnel  High-frequency fluctuation  Atomic layer thermopile  Heat flux  Time-frequency analysis  Calibration

摘要:

高超声速边界层转捩及激波-边界层干扰等基础气动问题的风洞试验中，高频脉动热流是一重要测试量。为了验证自研的原子层热电堆热流传感器在实际风洞试验环境中的性能，利用尖锥模型在Φ2m激波风洞（FD-14A）内开展来流马赫数10、单位雷诺数4.7×10⁶/m等流场条件下的风洞试验，并与高频脉动压力传感器对比，热流测试结果反映出以150kHz为主、具有一定频率带宽的高频脉动热流分量从无到有的全过程，且高频分量相对强度较高；借助标定实验获得原子层热电堆热流传感器的灵敏度系数，通过与薄膜热电阻热流传感器对比以及重复车次中自对比验证了其用于平均热流测试的静态性能，在此试验条件下测试平均热流为7.92kW/m²，重复试验车次中测试平均热流为8.32kW/m²，重复性良好。由此，原子层热电堆热流传感器的动/静态性能都说明其在激波风洞试验中具有较好的应用潜力。

Abstract:

High-frequency fluctuation heat flux is important in shock tunnel tests for experimentally investigating hypersonic boundary layer transition and shock wave/boundary layer interaction. A cone model is applied to test self-innovated atomic layer thermopile （ALTP） heat-flux sensors in an experimental condition of 10 nominal Mach number and the unit Reynolds number 4.7×10⁶/m in the Φ2m shock tunnel （FD-14A）. Compared with high-frequency fluctuation pressure sensors， its dynamic property of the self-innovated ALTP heat-flux sensors is confirmed， and the testing result shows that the high-frequency component of about 150kHz develops from nothing， while its static property for measuring average heat flux is confirmed by comparing with the thin-film heat-flux sensors with the aid of sensor’s calibration data， and the average heat flux is about 7.92kW/m² with the average heat flux being about 8.32kW/m² in the repeated shock tunnel test. Hence the self-innovated ALTP sensors show the potential application in the aerothermal tests conducted in shock tunnels.