强容错的航空发动机空中停车实时监测逻辑研究

Real-Time Monitoring Logic with High Fault Tolerance for Aero-Engine In-Flight Shutdown

关键词:  航空发动机  空中停车  实时监测逻辑  故障特征  容错性策略

Key words:  Aero-engine  In-flight shutdown  Real-time monitoring logic  Fault characteristics  Fault-tolerant strategies

摘要:

为了确保航空发动机空中再起动策略或飞行员应急操作的快速执行，设计了一种具备强容错性的空中停车实时监测逻辑。该逻辑组合了风扇转速、压气机转速、涡轮后温度和换算主燃油流量的空中停车故障特征，融合了监测阈值设定、参数变化范围限制和反向惩罚处理等容错性策略，可适应发动机个体差异及性能衰退、非标准天、传感器正常噪声扰动和单一传感器故障。为检验该逻辑的鲁棒性和容错性，采取按任务剖面运行测试和全包线随机加减速测试相结合的方式。虚警测试和检测性能验证结果表明，当发动机正常运行或发生单一传感器故障时，该监测过程均无虚警；相比于继承自АЛ-31Ф发动机的空中停车监测逻辑，本文提出的监测逻辑具备更好的检测性能；当单一传感器发生故障时，该监测过程的检测性能无降级情况。

Abstract:

In order to ensure the fast execution of the air-start strategy or the emergency operations taken by the pilot， a real-time monitoring logic with high fault tolerance is designed for aero-engine in-flight shutdown. The logic combines fault characteristics of fan speed， compressor speed， temperature after turbine and corrected fuel flow rate， along with some fault-tolerant strategies， such as threshold setting， parameters range limiting and negative penalty processing， and it can adapt to engine individual differences， performance degradation， nonstandard atmosphere environment， normal noise of sensors and faults of single sensor. Both mission profiles test and random acceleration and deceleration test in the full envelope are used to verify the robustness and fault tolerance of the logic. Results of false-alarm test and fault detection performance verification show that there is no false alarm in the monitoring process when the engine works normally or one sensor fails. In the meanwhile， the monitoring logic proposed in this paper has better fault detection performance compared with the logic of the АЛ-31Ф engine in-flight shutdown， and the detection performance of the monitoring process does not degrade when one sensor fails.