液体姿轨控发动机贮箱自动增压仿人智能控制研究

Human-Simulated Intelligent Control Research of Propellant Tank Automatic Pressurization for Liquid Attitude and Divert Engines

关键词:  液体姿轨控发动机  自动增压  仿人智能控制  冷流实验  发动机试验

Key words:  Liquid attitude and divert engine  Automatic pressurization  Human-simulated intelligent control  Cold flow experiments  Engine test

摘要:

为研究液体姿轨控发动机自动增压方法，在理论分析自动增压系统性能的基础上，搭建了以孔板为控制元件的自动增压实验系统，采用仿人智能控制策略，开展了基于冷流实验的自动增压性能实验，并通过发动机试验验证，实现了发动机贮箱良好的平稳性、快速性和准确性。研究表明，在增压系统结构和增压气体介质给定的情况下，孔板节流面积、孔板出入口压力比、贮箱初始气垫体积决定了自动增压系统性能；根据发动机试验的推进剂流量需求，分别按推进剂体积流量60%，30%，10%的比例选取3个不同节流面积的增压气体孔板组成并联进气孔板组，同时保证进气孔板组可提供的增压气体最大临界体积流量大于推进剂体积流量（推荐二者比值为1~2.5）、孔板出入口增压气体压力比近似等于临界压力比（对氮气约为0.50~0.60）、贮箱初始气垫体积大于贮箱总容积的1/4，并在贮箱上设置流量为增压气体最大临界体积流量105%的排气孔板，在发动机工作过程中按照仿人智能控制策略自动组配孔板，可有效地提高自动增压性能。

Abstract:

In order to study the automatic pressurization method for liquid attitude and divert rocket engines， based on the theoretical analysis of automatic pressurization system performance， the automatic pressurization experimental system was constructed based on orifice control elements， and the automatic pressurization performance experiments based on cold flow and a verified engine test were conducted with the human-simulated intelligent control strategy. The good smoothness， rapidity and accuracy were realized. The study shows that the system performance is determined by the orifice area， the orifice exit and entrance pressure ratio， and the propellant tank gas volume under the pressurization system structure and working medium. According to the test requirements of the engine flow rate， the parallel orifice group containing three inlet orifices of which the volume flow rates are equal to 60%， 30%， and 10% of the propellant volume flow rate respectively are organized. The maximum critical gas flow rate which is larger than the propellant volume flow rate （the recommended value is about 1~2.5） provided by the orifice group， the orifice exit and entrance pressure ratio which is approximately equal to gas critical pressure ratio （0.50~0.60 for nitrogen）， the tank gas volume which is more than 1/4 of the tank are satisfied simultaneously， and the flow rate of outlet orifice is equal to 105% of maximum critical case， the automatic pressurization performance can be improved effectively based on automatic disposition of the orifices according to the human-simulated intelligent control strategy during the engine operation.