周向弹簧力分布对圆周密封装置密封性能的影响

Effects of Circumferential Spring Force Distribution on Sealing Performance of Circumferential Seal

关键词:  圆周密封  周向弹簧力  不均匀分布  接触间隙  泄漏

Key words:  Circumferential seal  Circumferential spring force  Uneven distribution  Contact gap dearance  Leakage

摘要:

为了研究周向弹簧力分布形式对密封装置密封性能的影响，针对周向弹簧建立力学模型，分析周向弹簧力不均匀分布形式产生的原因，并对其不均匀分布的临界范围进行预测分析，建立泄漏预测模型对密封结构的密封性能进行研究。首先对密封装置主要结构进行受力分析，研究周向弹簧不均匀加载对密封结构变形的影响，再结合ANSYS软件对圆周密封装置主要部件进行结构-热耦合仿真计算，进而通过仿真分析验证理论分析的合理性。仿真结果表明：不均匀周向弹簧力产生的附加力矩使得密封环翘曲变形，主密封面径向接触间隙最大位置出现在密封环的接头区域；相比弹簧力分布均匀条件，当弹簧力分布形式的不均匀程度处于临界范围内时，接触间隙增加了24.52%，气体泄漏量增加了7.99%；当弹簧力分布形式的不均匀程度处于临界范围外时，接触间隙值呈倍数增加，气体泄漏量增加一个数量级。综上，周向弹簧力不均匀分布导致主密封面接触间隙值增加、密封结构气体泄漏量增加、密封装置密封性能下降。周向弹簧力的不均匀分布对密封装置的密封性能有较为严重的影响，在实际工程应用中应尽可能保证周向弹簧的不均匀分布程度处于临界范围内，避免由于弹簧卡滞使得密封结构密封性能下降。

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of the distribution pattern of the circumferential spring force on the sealing performance of the sealing device， a mechanical model was established for the circumferential spring， the cause of the uneven distribution of the circumferential spring force was analyzed， and the critical range of the uneven spring force distribution was predicted and analyzed. A leakage prediction model was established to study the sealing performance of the sealing structure. Firstly， the main structure of the circumferential sealing device was subjected to analysis， and the effect of uneven loading of the circumferential spring on the deformation of the sealing structure was studied. Then， the ANSYS software was used to perform structural-thermal coupling simulation calculations on the main components of the circumferential sealing device. The simulation results show that： the additional torque generated by the uneven circumferential spring force causes the seal ring to warp and deform， and the maximum position of the radial contact gap of the main seal surface appears in the joint area of the seal ring. Compared with the condition of uniform spring force distribution， when the unevenness of the spring force distribution form is inside the critical range， the contact gap increases by 24.52%， and the gas leakage amount increases by 7.99%， and when outside the critical range， the contact gap value increases in multiples， and the amount of gas leakage increases by an order of magnitude. In summary， the uneven distribution of the circumferential springs force results in an increase in the contact gap value of the main sealing surface， an increase in the leakage of gas from the sealing structure， and a decrease in the sealing performance of the sealing device. The uneven distribution of the circumferential spring force has a serious impact on the sealing performance of the sealing device. In practical engineering applications， it is necessary to ensure that the uneven distribution of the circumferential spring is inside the critical range， so as to prevent the sealing performance of the sealing structure from being reduced due to the spring stagnation.