燃油离心泵多目标优化设计及仿真分析

Multi-Objective Optimization Design and Simulation for Fuel Centrifugal Pump

关键词:  航空发动机  燃油离心泵  多目标优化  综合损失模型  高效  汽蚀

Key words:  Aero engine  Fuel centrifugal pump  Multi-objective optimization  Combined loss-model  High efficiency  Cavitation

摘要:

针对燃油离心泵高效、高抗汽蚀的优化设计问题，进行了基于损失模型和SQP（Sequential Quadratic Programming）算法的多目标优化设计及仿真研究。建立表征叶轮和蜗壳等水力、容积和机械各效率的综合损失模型，并利用必需汽蚀余量来表征汽蚀特性。利用SQP算法构造合理的适应度函数，建立离心泵多目标优化数学模型。对燃油离心泵进行优化设计并与其它优化算法进行了对比，各优化算法的优化结果相似，但SQP算法优化求解的迭代步数相对较少。基于CFD技术进行仿真及外特性预测，验证燃油离心泵多目标优化设计方法的有效性。结果表明：相比传统方法，基于损失模型和SQP算法优化的离心泵流动损失更低，其进口流动更利于抗汽蚀性能；同时，优化的离心泵高效工作区域相对宽广，必需汽蚀余量相对较低，抗汽蚀性能有所改善。

Abstract:

Aiming at the optimization design for a fuel centrifugal pump with high efficiency and high anti-cavitation performance， a multi-objective optimization design based on loss-model and SQP （Sequential Quadratic Programming） was proposed and simulated. A combined loss-model was established which characterized the pump hydraulic， volumetric， and mechanical efficiencies. Meanwhile， the cavitation function was established and characterized by the required net positive suction head. Then， a reasonable fitness function was constructed by SQP and the related mathematical model for multi-objective optimization was completed. According to the simulations of different optimization algorithms， the results of selected algorithms are almost similar but the SQP uses the fewest iterative steps. Finally， the pump external performance was predicted by CFD to verify the effectiveness of proposed multi-objective optimization design method. Compared to that of traditional pump， the flow-loss of optimized pump is lower and inlet flow condition is more beneficial to anti-cavitation. Additionally， its high-efficiency zone is wider and the required net positive suction head is lower. Therefore， the pump efficiency and anti-cavitation performance are both regulated and improved.