船舶齿轮箱振动测试分析及优化研究

Vibration Test Analysis and Optimization of Ship Gearbox

关键词:  船舶  齿轮箱  振动优化  频谱分析  台架试验  齿轮修形  液压

Key words:  Ship  Gearbox  Vibration optimization  Spectrum analysis  Bench test  Gear modification  Hydraulic

摘要:

为了研究船舶齿轮箱振动性能及优化措施，进而实现船舶的低噪声化，以本单位自主研发的船用齿轮箱为例，通过台架试验和振动频谱分析结合的方法分析齿轮箱振动的主要影响因素，对振动性能关键影响因素进行优化改进。结合振动频谱分析结果对齿轮箱从齿轮修形设计和液压供油系统改进两个方面进行了优化，并对采取优化措施后的齿轮箱进行振动试验验证和振动频谱分析。结果表明：齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进两项优化措施可以切实有效地改善齿轮箱的振动性能。在文中的齿轮箱案例中，齿轮修形后齿轮啮合频率处振动峰值下降40.2%，总振级下降1.85dB，进一步采取液压供油系统改进措施后，齿轮箱总振级下降9.99dB。齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进对船用齿轮箱振动性能提升具有工程应用价值。

Abstract:

Gearbox is one of the main vibration sources of the ship's power transmission system. In order to study the vibration performance and optimization measures of the ship gearbox， and then realize the low noise of the ship， taking a ship gearbox as an example， through combining bench test and vibration spectrum analysis， the main factors affecting the vibration of the gearbox are analyzed， and the relevant key factors are optimized and improved. According to the results of vibration analysis， the gearbox is optimized from two aspects： gear modification design and improvement of hydraulic oil supply system. And after taking optimization measures the gearbox is verified by vibration test and vibration spectrum analysis. The results show that the vibration performance of gearbox has been effectively improved by gear modification and hydraulic oil supply system improvement. In the case of this paper， after gear modification， the vibration peak value at gear meshing frequency is reduced by 40.2% and the total vibration level is reduced by 1.85dB. After further measures of hydraulic oil supply system improvement， the total vibration level of gearbox is reduced by 9.99dB. Gear modification and hydraulic oil supply system improvement have engineering application value for improving vibration performance of ship gearbox.