船舶柴油机比例模型实验的理论基础与技术挑战

Theory and Technical Challenge of Scaled Model Experiments in Marine Diesel Engines

关键词:  船舶柴油机  相似理论  喷雾燃烧  缸内传热  相似法则  模型试验  综述

Key words:  Marine diesel engine  Similarity theory  Spray combustion  In-cylinder heat transfer  Scaling law  Model test  Review

摘要:

采用相似比例模型实验进行新型船舶柴油机研发可以极大地节约研发时间、成本及能源。本文回顾了柴油机燃烧相似性理论的发展历程，总结了实现燃烧相似性的三种单值条件相似法则，重点阐述了喷雾混合气形成过程相似性理论与实验验证的最新研究成果，同时指出船舶柴油机相似比例模型实验亟待攻克的技术挑战。建立柴油机喷雾燃烧相似性理论体系有助于制定科学合理的相似比例模型实验规范，推动船舶柴油机研发实现快速发展。

Abstract:

The scaled model experiments are beneficial for reducing time， cost and energy consumption in new marine diesel engine development. Firstly， the history of diesel combustion similarity theory is reviewed， and three scaling laws based on the single value conditions for diesel combustion similarity are summarized. Then， the latest theoretical and experimental researches on similarity of spray mixture formation processes are emphasized. Finally， the technical challenges that need to be further solved in the scaled model experiments are proposed. The theory system of diesel spray combustion similarity established in this paper is helpful to formulate scientific and reasonable experimental specifications for the scaled model experiments， and promote the rapid development of marine diesel engines.