中国电推进技术发展及展望

Development and Prospect of Electric Propulsion Technology in China

关键词:  电推进技术  发展过程  应用现状  发展方向  综述

Key words:  Electrical propulsion technology  Development process  Application status  Development direction  Review

摘要:

为了促进国内电推进技术的发展，简要介绍了国际上主要电推力器的种类和特点，并结合国外电推进技术的研究及在轨应用情况，介绍了中国电推进技术发展过程和应用现状，总结了国内外电推进技术的发展趋势。在此基础上，根据国内深空探测、商业航天、重力场测量、引力波探测等空间任务对推进器的高比冲、长寿命、宽调节范围、低成本、高精度等需求，提出了国内电推进技术应该将小型离子推力器、大型霍尔推力器、脉冲等离子体推力器以及无拖曳控制推力器作为重点发展方向的建议。

Abstract:

In order to speed up the development of electric propulsion, this paper compares the development process and application status of electric propulsion technology both in China and abroad. On this basis, for the deep space exploration, commercial aerospace, gravity field measurement, gravitational wave detection and other space missions in China, the thruster should have high specific impulse, long life, wide adjustment range, low cost and high precision. It is proposed that electric propulsion technology should focus on miniaturized ion thrusters, high-power Hall thrusters, pulsed plasma thrusters and drag-free thrusters.