基于激光自准直的发动机轴孔同轴度在线检测方法

Online Detection Method for Shaft Holes Coaxiality ofEngine Based on Laser Autocollimation

关键词:  同轴度  激光准值  自定心  发动机装配

Key words:  Coaxiality  Laser atuocollimation  Self-centering  Engine assembly

摘要:

涡扇发动机定子轴孔的同轴度会影响发动机整体质量和运转情况，故而定子轴孔同轴度的大小是影响发动机质量的一个重要指标，减小同轴度误差可以提高发动机的运行质量，因而对发动机同轴度精密检测的要求也越来越高。为了解决现有人工检测方法中存在的效率低、精度不高的问题，且为了克服定子装配后的待测孔位置较深导致现有通用检测仪器无法直接测量装配后同轴度的困难，在分析了国内外同轴度检测研究现状的基础上，将激光准直技术、轴孔定心测量技术相结合，设计基于激光自准直的检测方法和装置。所设计针对规定型号涡扇发动机定子轴孔的同轴度检测装置，系统变形量约4μm，定心误差小于4μm，并得出了具有普适性的发动机定子轴孔同轴度检测方法，有望实现发动机定子轴孔同轴度误差的在线检测，并有效缩短装配时长、优化总装工艺。

Abstract:

The quality and working condition of the turbofan engine are greatly affected by the coaxiality of the stator shaft holes, hence the coaxiality error is one of the most important factors for engine quality. Since reducing coaxiality error can improve the operation quality of the engine, the requirement of precise detection of engine coaxiality error is getting higher and higher. The existing manual detection methods have the problems of low efficiency and poor precision, and sometimes the position of measuring holes are too deep to be tested directly by general testing instruments. By analyzing the research status of coaxiality detection, the detection method and device based on laser autocollimation, which combined the laser alignment technology and hole self-centering technology, are proposed. The deformation of designed coaxial detection device is approximately 4μm, and the centering error is less than 4μm. Furthermore, a general method for detecting the coaxiality error of the engine stator shaft holes is obtained. It promises to accomplish the goal of online detection, consequently, the assembly time can be effectively shortened and the assembly process can also be optimized.