高负荷压气机径向间隙工程优化设计与验证

关键词:压气机；径向间隙；可调静子；间隙优化；性能预估

关键词:  压气机  径向间隙  可调静子  间隙优化  性能预估

Key words:  Compressor  Radial clearance  Variable vanes  Clearance optimization  Performance prediction

摘要:

为减小径向间隙对高负荷压气机气动性能的负面影响，从工程实用角度出发，研究了压气机运转周期内转子叶尖间隙变化规律，对不同间隙对压气机性能的影响进行了对比分析，综合考虑气动性能和结构工程设计，对转子叶尖间隙进行了优化设计。基于可调静叶实际具体结构，研究了可调静叶圆台不同位置处间隙在不同转速下的变化规律，采用全三维数值模拟对不同静叶间隙气动性能进行了对比分析，并开展方案优化设计。将径向间隙优化设计方法应用于高负荷压气机设计中，试验验证表明:该压气机相对于第四代发动机的压气机平均级压比提高了16%，效率提高了1%，三维特性预估准确，验证了压气机转、静子叶片间隙优化设计的合理性和有效性。

Abstract:

In order to reduce the negative impact of radial clearance on high load compressor aerodynamic performance， from an engineering application perspective， rotor tip clearance variation during compressor working period was studied and comparison analysis of different clearance impact on compressor performance was carried out. Rotor tip clearance was optimum designed considering aerodynamic performance and structural design. Based on practical structure， variable vane penny clearance change law at various speeds was studied. Clearance aerodynamic performance comparison analysis for different vanes was carried out using full 3D CFD and concept optimum design has also been performed. The radial clearance optimization design method then was applied to a high load compressor design. Test validation shows that comparing with 4th generation compressor， average stage pressure ratio has increased by 16% while efficiency has increased by 1%. 3D characteristic prediction is correct. The optimum design of blade clearance is proved to be proper and effective.