径向总压分布模拟器的设计与研究

Design and Research of Radial Total PressureDistribution Simulator

关键词:  压气机  径向总压分布模拟器  数值模拟  试验

Key words:  Compressor  Radial total pressure distribution simulator  Numerical simulation  Experiment

摘要:

径向总压分布模拟器设计是压气机部件性能试验和气动稳定试验的关键技术。为了模拟上游部件产生的径向总压分布，设计了一种由环形金属丝组成的径向总压分布模拟器，金属丝的丝径和间距沿径向是非均匀分布的。径向总压分布模拟器的设计利用气流流过不同直径金属丝产生不同大小的流动损失的原理，产生所需的径向总压分布，通过流场数值模拟调整金丝直径和位置的反复迭代，最终得到的径向总压分布模拟器其目标位置无量纲总压分布达到了目标设计要求。经模型吹风试验表明，试验结果和流场数值结果反映的基本趋势一致，随着来流马赫数的增大，模拟器下游的总压损失逐渐增大，但数值模拟在通道下部低估了尾迹的掺混能力，导致总压波动明显；在通道上部高估了分离区的大小，导致总压损失较试验值偏大，最大相对偏差约为2.77%。

Abstract:

The design of radial total pressure distribution simulator is a key technology of compressor component performance test and aerodynamic stability test. In order to simulate the radial total pressure distribution generated by the upstream components， a radial total pressure distribution simulator composed of annular metal wire was designed. Diameter and spacing of the metal wire were non-uniformly distributed along the radial direction. The design of the simulator made use of the principle that the airflow flows through different diameters of wire to produce different sizes of flow loss to generate the radial total pressure distribution. Through iteration of flow field numerical simulation to adjust the diameter and position of the metal wire， the final dimensionless total pressure distribution at the target position meets the target design requirements. The model blowing test shows that the experimental results and CFD calculation results reflect the same trend. With the increase of flow Mach number， the total pressure loss of distortion generator downstream increases gradually， but the numerical simulation in the lower part of the channel underestimated the wake mixing ability， resulting in significant fluctuations in total pressure. The size of the separation zone was overestimated in the upper part of the channel， resulting in a greater total pressure loss than the experimental value. The maximum relative deviation is about 2.77%.