TKX-50对HTPE推进剂能量特性的影响及应用可行性

Effects of TKX-50 on Energy of HTPE Propellant and Application Feasibility Analysis

关键词:  物理化学  TKX-50  固体推进剂  能量性能

Key words:  Physical chemistry  TKX-50  Solid propellant  Energy characteristic

摘要:

为探索1，1′—二羟基—5，5′—联四唑二羟胺盐(TKX-50)在端羟基聚醚(HTPE)推进剂中的应用可行性，采用高倍率的扫描电镜观察了TKX-50颗粒的微观形貌，用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和真空安定性试验(VST)法研究了TKX-50与HTPE推进剂主要组分的相容性，并采用最小自由能法计算了TKX-50对HTPE推进剂能量特性的影响规律。结果表明，TKX-50颗粒形貌不规则，且粒度分布不均匀，但颗粒表面致密、光滑，无明显缺陷；TKX-50与粘合剂HTPE、高氯酸铵(AP)、铝粉(Al)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)之间无明显的相互作用，但与奥克托今(HMX)之间存在一定的相互作用；推进剂配方中添加TKX-50可提高推进剂的能量水平，当TKX-50含量为25%时，推进剂理论比冲达最大值(2685.2N·s·kg-1)，且制备的含5%和15%TKX-50的推进剂样品表面光洁，内部均匀且致密，无反应性气孔等异常缺陷，表明TKX-50可安全地应用在HTPE推进剂中。

Abstract:

In order to explore the feasibility of the application of dihydroxylammonium 5，5’-bistetrazole-1，1’-diolate (TKX-50) in HTPE propellant， the morphology of TKX-50 particles were determined with high grade SEM dynameter. The compatibility of TKX-50 with main compositions of HTPE propellant was investigated by means of DSC and VST， respectively. The effects of different mass fraction of TKX-50 on the energetic characteristics of the propellant were calculated using minimum free energy method. The results show that the morphology of TKX-50 particles are irregular， the particle size distribution is a little not uniform， while the surface of the particles is compact， smooth， and there is no obvious defects. Moreover， there were not obvious interaction between TKX-50 and HTPE， ammonium perchlorate(AP)， aluminum (Al) and 2，4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI)， while there is a little interactions between TKX-50 and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX). With increasing the mass fraction of TKX-50 particles， the specific impulse of HTPE propellant increase significantly. When the mass fraction of TKX-50 is 25%， the maximum theoretical specific impulse is 2685.2N·s·kg-1. And the surface of prepared propellant containing 5% and 15% mass fraction of TKX-50 particles are smooth， and the internal sample is uniform and compact， moreover there is no significant defects， such as reacted pores during the preparation， which indicate that TKX-50 can be applied in the HTPE propellant safely.