轴流压气机吞水后的性能变化研究

Study on Performance Changes of Axial Flow Compressor after Water Ingestion

关键词:  多级轴流压气机  水滴摄入  湿压缩  压气机性能  逐级叠加

Key words:  Multistage axial compressor  Water ingestion  Wet compression  Compressor performance  Stage-stacking

摘要:

为了探究航空发动机吸入雨水后压缩系统的特性变化，针对水滴进入压气机后的湿压缩过程展开研究。基于两相流动的基本原理构建了气液两相的传热传质模型和颗粒运动模型，采用一维逐级叠加的方法计算压气机各级性能，并利用Fortran程序对吞雨后压气机整体性能进行了计算。计算结果表明当吞雨量从3%增加到15%时，压气机压比的下降幅度分别由5.7%增加至15.7%；压气机各级温比的变化特性揭示了液滴在压气机前面级蒸发小、后面级蒸发大的规律；通过对比干、湿压缩条件下的压气机整体特性，可得出吞雨后压气机稳定工作范围变窄的结论。

Abstract:

In order to explore the characteristic changes of the aeroengine compression system after water ingestion，the wet compression process of water droplets entering compressor is studied. A gas-liquid two-phase flow model of the heat transfer and mass transfer and the particle motion model has been formulated based on the basic principle of two-phase flow. Then the performance of each stage at compressor was calculated by the one-dimensional stage-stacking method，and a Fortran code was used to calculate the overall performance of the compressor after water ingestion. The results show that the pressure ratio degradation increases from 5.7% to 15.7% with increasing ingested water mass from 3% to 15%. The change characteristics of each stage temperature ratio indicated that the evaporation of water in compressor front stage is smaller than rear stage. By contrast the overall characteristics of compressor under dry and wet compression，it can be concluded that the stable operating range of compressor is narrowed after water ingestion.