转子高速动平衡数据采集与处理方法研究

Data Acquisition and Processing Method for High-Speed Dynamic Balancing of Rotors

关键词:  高速动平衡  数据采集  多线程  状态切换  相位处理

Key words:  High-speed dynamic balancing  Data acquisition  Multithreading  State switching  Phase processing

摘要:

针对转子高速动平衡过程转速高、振动问题突出以及相位波动等特点，提出了一种高速动平衡的数据采集与处理方法，运用多线程技术准确测量转速信号并且同步采集振动信号。根据转速变化情况迅速切换暂态与稳态，减少状态切换时间，方便测试人员操作，提高试车的效率。以转速脉冲信号为基准，对振动信号进行整周期截取与插值处理，并对平衡记录进行多次平均，解决转速波动时振动幅值与相位的跳动问题。建立试验转子模型，进行动力学特性的计算与试验。结果表明:一阶临界转速计算值与实测值相对误差不超过1%，不平衡响应的相对误差不超过10%。仿真计算与试验结果相吻合，这对提高相位测量的准确度和稳定性，具有一定的工程应用价值。

Abstract:

For the presence of characteristics including high speed，excessive vibration and phase fluctuations in the process of rotor high-speed dynamic balancing，a method of data acquisition and processing for high-speed dynamic balancing was proposed. Based on multithreading technology，the rotational speed signal was accurately measured and vibration signals were synchronously collected. Both the transient state and steady state could be quickly switched to each other according to the variation?of rotational speed，which can reduce switching time，facilitate operation and improve testing efficiency. Using the pulse signal of rotational speed as a benchmark，vibration signals were divided into several integral periods. Interpolation was conducted towards the sampling points per period and balance records were averaged multiple times in order to solve the unstable problems of amplitude and phase when speed fluctuated. A rotor model for experiments is established，and dynamic characteristics of the rotor are calculated and tested. The results suggest that the relative error between calculated and measured values of the first critical speed is less than 1%，and the relative error of unbalance response does not exceed 10%. Thus the simulating calculation is consistent with the testing outcome. In addition，the algorithms of phase processing improve the accuracy and stability of phase measurement. The data acquisition and processing system has practical significance of engineering application for rotor dynamic balancing.