鸟撞击风扇转子叶片损伤模拟与试验研究

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Damage of Bird Impact on Fan Blades

关键词:  航空发动机  风扇  鸟撞击  损伤  鸟撞试验  数值模拟

Key words:  Aeroengine  Fan  Bird impact  Damage  Bird impact test  Numerical simulation

摘要:

为了研究航空发动机吞鸟时风扇叶片受到的损伤，开展鸟撞击旋转状态下发动机风扇叶片损伤数值模拟和试验研究。采用SPH方法，使用PAM-CRASH软件对鸟撞击旋转状态下风扇叶片进行了数值模拟，得到了鸟撞击风扇叶片过程:风扇叶片前缘撞击并切割鸟体、叶片盆侧撞击鸟体切片和叶片恢复变形，详细分析了鸟撞击对风扇叶片前缘、叶身、尾缘、凸肩造成的损伤，以及损伤对发动机的影响。设计并开展了旋转状态下鸟撞击风扇转子试验，得到了旋转状态模拟鸟撞击风扇过程，以及旋转状态下鸟撞击风扇实际的损伤类型，撞击过程和损伤类型与数值模拟结果一致。数值模拟和试验结果表明，鸟撞击风扇主要过程为叶片前缘撞击切割鸟体，主要损伤为风扇叶片前缘变形、撕裂、掉块和凸肩工作面错位、掉块，风扇叶片抗鸟撞击的薄弱部位为风扇叶片前缘和凸肩工作面。

Abstract:

Numerical simulation and test of bird impact on rotating fan blades were carried out to reveal the damage of fan blades when the bird was inhaled into aeroengine. Using SPH method in PAM-CRASH software，the numerical simulation was carried out to simulate the bird impact on rotating fan blades，and the process of bird impact fan blades was obtained，i.e. the leading edge of fan blade impact and cut the bird，pressure surface of blade impact the bird slice，and the recovery of the deformation of blade. The damages of blade leading edge，blade body，trailing edge and shoulder under bird strike were analyzed in detail and the effect on engine was also investigated. Bird impact on rotating fan rotor experiments was conducted. The process of the bird impact fan and the real damage patterns of fan blade were obtained，and agreed well with numerical simulation results. It is concluded from the numerical simulation and experimental results that，the main process of bird impact on fan is the blade leading edge cutting and impacting bird，and the main damage of fan blade include the deformation，tearing and fall-block of leading edge，the dislocation of shoulder lap joint and spallation of the shoulder. The weakest parts of fan blade are leading edge and shoulder under bird impact condition.