电磁阀动态特性的流固耦合模拟研究

Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Dynamic Properties

关键词:  动态特性  流固耦合  界面算法  虚拟挡板  碰撞模型

Key words:  Dynamic properties  Fluid-structure interaction  Interface scheme  Virtual baffle  Collision model

摘要:

为了研究液体火箭发动机高压供气系统中电磁阀的动态特性，采用流固耦合方法对电磁阀进行数值模拟。结构采用单自由度质量弹簧阻尼动力学模型描述，纽马克算法(The Newmark Method)求解。流场控制方程为非定常Euler方程，采用弹簧近似动网格的ALE(Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian)有限体积法求解。应用新型流固界面算法，采用“虚拟挡板通气”技术实现电磁阀开启/关闭引起的流场拓扑变化。数值模拟讨论了影响电磁阀动态特性的设计因素。模拟发现，存在19%能量损耗的主阀-气缸碰撞模型相对无损耗模型使阀门开度达到稳定状态的时间缩短一半，表明碰撞模型是电磁阀动态特性的重要影响因素。

Abstract:

In order to study the dynamic properties of electromagnetic valve used in high pressure feed systems of liquid rocket engine，numerical simulation of electromagnetic valve has been performed by means of fluid-structure interaction scheme. The structure was modeled by the single freedom mass spring damper system，and was solved by the Newmark method. The flow field was governed by the unsteady Euler equation and was solved by the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite volume scheme based on the spring analogy dynamic mesh. The flow field solver employed a new fluid-structure interface scheme. The flow field topology transition induced by the valve charging/discharging was simulated by the virtual baffle technique. The design factors which are responsible for the dynamic properties of electromagnetic valve are presented. Simulation results show that the main valve-cylinder collision model with 19% energy loss has halved the time of valve opening distance reaching steady state compared with the collision model without energy loss. It is proved that the collision model is a crucial factor associated with the dynamic properties of electromagnetic valve.