2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇的脂肪酸酯类化合物改性硝酸铵的研究

Research on Modified Ammonium Nitrate with 2,3-Bis(Hydroxylme- thyl)-2,3-Dinitro-1,4-Butanediol Fatty Acid Esters Compounds

关键词:  硝酸铵  改性⁺  晶变⁺  吸湿性⁺ 

Key words:  Ammonium nitrate  Modified⁺  Crystal transformation⁺  Hygroscopicity⁺

摘要:

为了更好地改善硝酸铵(AN)的某些性能,以AN为主体,分别添加质量分数为1%,2%和3%的2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四月桂酸酯(BHDBTL)、2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四棕榈酸酯(BHDBTP)和2,3-二羟甲基-2,3-二硝基-1,4-丁二醇四硬脂酸酯(BHDBTS),对改性前后的硝酸铵分别进行了晶变、吸湿性的研究,结果表明当添加剂加入量分别为1%,2%,3%时,BHDBTP,BHDBTS对硝酸铵改性的效果要优于BHDBTL,且当添加剂为BHDBTS,添加量为2%时的改性硝酸铵的效果最佳；进一步对三种添加量为2%的添加剂改性前后的硝酸铵进行了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试,发现当添加剂为BHDBTS,改性硝酸铵的效果最佳。 

Abstract:

In order to improve certain properties of ammonium nitrate (AN), AN was coated with 2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol tetralaurate(BHDBTL), 2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol tetrapalmitate(BHDBTP), 2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,4-butanediol tetrastearate(BHDBTS), respectively. And the additive amount of each coating was 1%, 2% and 3% (weight), respectively. The properties of the unmodified and modified AN about crystal transformation and hygroscopicity were studied. The results show that when the added quantity of three coating materials is 1%, 2% or 3%, respectively, BHDBTP and BHDBTS are superior to BHDBTL. Moreover, BHDBTS with added quantity of 2% is the best for modification of AN. When the additive amount of coating is 2%, unmodified and modified AN coated with three coating materials are tested by SEM. It is found that BHDBTS is among the best for modification of AN.