复合材料高压气瓶的碳纤维缠绕设计和ANSYS分析技术

Filament-Wound Design and ANSYS Analysis for Composite  Material High-Pressure Vessel

关键词:  复合材料  高压气瓶  碳纤维缠绕气瓶  ANSYS有限元分析 

Key words:  Composite material  High-pressure vessel  Carbon fiber overwrapped vessel  ANSYS finite element analysis

摘要:

为了获得复合材料气瓶合理的有限元分析模型,并能够有效地掌握气瓶固有的变化规律,以不锈钢316L为内衬、碳纤维(T1000GB)/环氧树脂(BA202)为复合层的高压气瓶作为研究对象,介绍了一种采用螺旋缠绕与环向缠绕组合线型的缠绕设计方法。利用该方法确定复合层厚度、缠绕角、缠绕层数等参数,运用ANSYS程序,采用薄壁壳单元shell91建立了复合层多层结构模型,得出了气瓶应力、应变分布规律,并给出了气瓶疲劳破坏点和起裂点处失效参数的变化历程,最后,将ANSYS计算结果与试验实测结果作了比对分析,为定量化研究复合材料气瓶提供准确的数据支持。研究结果表明:ANSYS数值仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好,采用壳单元shell91可以比较正确地模拟复合层的多层结构；柱形复合材料气瓶破坏薄弱点位于筒体(靠封头)部位,气瓶受环向膨胀力影响较大,易使其沿纵向撕裂；随瓶内压力升高,薄壁内衬发生完全塑性变形,复合层仅发生弹性变形。 

Abstract:

In order to obtain reasonable finite element analysis model and grasp inherent characters, the composite material high-pressure vessel is regarded as an object of study,in which the liner material is 316L stainless steel and whose complex layer material is carbon fiber (T1000GB) / epoxy resin (BA202).A filament-wound design method was introduced for the combination of spiral fiber and circumferential fiber.The thickness, wound angle and layer-numbers of complex layers for vessel were obtained by using this method. Then, an ANSYS finite element modeling program was utilized to establish the multilayer structure model by using thin-wall shell91element, so as to obtain the distribution for both the stress and the strain. In addition,the change course of lose-efficacy parameters for vessel fatigued position and burst position was presented. ANSYS calculation results were compared with the experimental results,so as to provide data for studying composite material vessel. Research results show that ANSYS numerical simulation results are consistent with experiment.The modeling method of using shell91element can well simulate the multilayer structure of complex layers. The weak spot of cylindrical composite material pressure vessel is located at cylinder part (near head part), and the destructiveness of circumferential expansion force is larger for vessel, easy to make it along the longitudinal tear. With increasing pressure, it can result in the plastic deformation completely for thin-wall liner and only the elastic deformation for the composite layer.