水冲压发动机地面直连试验技术研究

Investigation on ground direct-connect test technology for water ramjet engine

关键词:  水冲压发动机  直连试验  汽蚀文氏管  金属燃料  燃烧效率  比冲

Key words:  Water ramjet engine  Direct-connect test  Cavitating venturi  Metal fuel  Combustion efficiency  Specific impulse

摘要:

建立了垂直进水的水冲压发动机地面直连试验系统。采用垂直进水方式,消除了进水冲量对轴向推力的影响。通过在进水管路上安装汽蚀文氏管,解决了发动机试车过程中流量不稳的问题。基于含镁量50%的固体推进剂,对某型水冲压发动机进行了两组不同水燃比的地面直连试验,试验过程中采集了发动机燃烧室压强、进水流量和发动机推力等数据。对两组试验数据的燃烧效率和比冲分析表明,水燃比的适量增加,有助于发动机性能提高。该试验结果符合之前的理论预估,证明了水冲压地面直连试验技术的有效可行。

Abstract:

Direct-connect tests of a water ramjet engine were successfully conducted. With water-jet entering the chamber vertically, the influence of its impulse to axial thrust was eliminated. By installing a cavitating venturi, the issue of unstable water mass flux was addressed. The combustion efficiency and specific impulse of the tested engine were both analyzed. The results show that as the water fuel ratio increased to some extent, combustion of 50% magnesium-based metal fuel was still well sustained and an enhanced engine performance was observed. The experimental results comply with the theoretical prediction of the engine performance, which consequently proves the effectiveness of this test technology for water ramjet engine.