低功率电弧喷射推力器实验研究

Experimental investigation of low power arcjet thrusters

关键词:  电弧喷射推力器  启动特性+  工作性能  实验

Key words:  Arcjet thrusters  Startup characteristic~+  Operating performance  Experimentation

摘要:

为深入了解低功率电弧喷射推力器的启动特性和工作性能,对不同推进剂和不同结构尺寸的推力器进行了广泛的多启动实验研究。研究中建成了推进剂供给系统和真空模拟系统,研制了电源处理单元和小推力测量装置,开发了实验数据采集系统,完成了实验推力器结构设计和材料选择,并分别采用氩、氮、氨为推进剂成功地进行了点火实验。研究表明,推进剂性质对推力器启动特性和工作特性具有重大影响,推力器优化设计应该针对具体的推进剂进行并考虑适当宽广的流量范围。

Abstract:

To realize the startup characteristic and operating performance of low power Arcjet Thrusters in detail,extensive multi-start experimental investigation was carried out on the thrusters with different structures and various propellants.Propellant-feeding system and vacuum-simulating system were established,power-processing unit and small-thrust-measuring device were developed,experimental data collection system was prepared,thruster structure design and material selection were accomplished,and multi-start experiments of the thrusters using argon,nitrogen and ammonia as the propellants were performed successfully.Abundant experimental phenomena are observed and plentiful experimental data are obtained,and some conclusions are made by analyzing the results.The investigation shows that the propellant properties have significant effects on the startup characteristic and operating performance of Arcjet,and the thruster optimization design should be performed for given propellant,covering a wide flow rate range properly.