Al/高氯酸铵复合粒子的制备及其性能表征

Preparation and characterization of composite particles of Al/ammonium perchlorate

关键词:  固体推进剂  溶剂非溶剂法+  铝粉  高氯酸铵  热分析

Key words:  Solid propellant  Solvent-nonsolvent method~+  Powdered　aluminum  Ammonium perchlorate  Thermal　analysis

摘要:

用溶剂 非溶剂法制备了Al/高氯酸铵(AP)复合粒子,并用TEM,SEM,XRD和ICP对其进行了表征。首先对复合粒子的热分析进行了DTA测定,并用相同比例的简单混合物来作对比;然后选用三组推进剂样品进行DTA测定,在每组样品中分别选用添加有Al/AP复合粒子和纯Al粉来作对比。结果表明,将Al粉与AP进行复合处理后,Al粉对AP的热分解有了一定的催化作用,而相同比例的Al粉和AP简单混合物中,Al粉对AP的热分解无明显催化作用;与加有纯Al粉的推进剂样品相比较,添加有Al/AP复合粒子的推进剂样品高温分解峰温降低,总放热量大大提高。这表明Al粉与AP的复合处理能显著提高AP与推进剂的热分解性能。

Abstract:

Al/Ammonium perchlorate (AP) composite particles were prepared by solvent-nonsolvent method. TEM,SEM and XRD were used to characterize their structure and ICP was used to measure their component rate.To research the composite process of Al powder and AP on the propellant, thermal analysis of Al/AP composite particles and propellant contained these composite particles were studied by DTA. Results indicate that Al show some catalytic performance on the thermal decomposition of AP in the Al/AP composite particles, while for the simple mixture of Al and AP with the same proportion, Al does not have obvious catalytic effect. Compared with the thermal decomposition of the propellant adding pure Al, the peak temperature of high temperature decomposition of the propellant adding composite particles decreases and the total heat release increases greatly. Al/AP composite particles can improve the thermal decomposition performance of AP and propellant.