发动机高原地面启动实验初步研究

An engine-starting test on the highland ground

关键词:  航空发动机  高原试验  起动试验  性能  调整

Key words:  Aircraft engine  Highland test  Starting test  Performance  Adjustment

摘要:

为了解决某种飞机在海拔3500m高原机场的地面启动问题。突破其规定的>2500m不能启动的限制。研制了专门的发动机启动试车台架,在海拔高度分别为400m,2800m,3650m的三个机场进行涡轮启动机单独启动带转和与发动机共同工作启动试验。分别得到了启动机单独工作和与发动机共同工作的地面启动高度特性。实验表明:高度自400m增加到3650m,启动机功率下降的同时,压气机转速下降10 67%,带转的发动机高压压气机转速下降7 64%,但不出现排气超温。共同工作时,发动机点火成功时间延迟10s,启动过程延长28s,排气温度升高160℃。经过对启动机和发动机的初步调整试验研究,使发动机启动时间缩短6s,并改善了启动参数的变化规律。使得发动机在保证参数不超标的前提下启动成功。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of starting, a certain type of jet engine on the highland airfields’ ground over an elevation of 3500 meters, which is limit over of 2500 meters, an engine test cell was specially developed for carrying out engine-starting tests. Altogether we finished more than 80 tests using a turbine generator to start an engine first and then the engine would work itself at three different airfields of different heights: 400m, 2800m, and 3650m respectively. Finally we obtained specific features of the engine started at those different starting heights. The experiments indicate that as the height increases from 400m up to 3650m, the turbine generator’s starting power decreases and its rotating speed decreases by 10.6%. The powered rotating speed of the pressure compressor of the turbine generator decreases by 7.64%, but no over-high exhaust temperature appears. When working together, the ignition of the engine is 10 seconds late, and the starting process is 28 seconds longer while the exhaust temperature rises by 160℃. By the adjusting the generator and the engine, the engine starting time is shortened by 6 seconds and the changing rules of the starting parameters are improved so that the engine can be successfully started provided that the parameters do not exceed the limits.