发射药在强约束条件下的燃烧转爆轰特性

DEFLAGRATION TO DETONATION TRANSITION CHARACTERISTICS OF GUN PROPELLANTS UNDER STRONG CONFINEMENT

关键词:  发射药燃烧  燃烧化学动力学  冲击波引爆  火焰传播

Key words:  Gun propellant combustion  Combustion chemical kinetics  Shockwave initiation  Flame propagation

摘要:

以Ｄ－４５，Ｓ－１４，３／１三种发射药为研究对象，对钢管约束条件下的高密实火药颗粒床的燃烧转爆轰（简称ＤＤＴ）机理和敏感性进行了实验研究。分别用应变片和离子探针测量了药床中的压缩波和燃烧波的传播，通过对压缩波阵面和燃烧波阵面的分离，发现压缩波形成于火焰峰后的已燃区，它将不断加速与加强，最后赶上火焰峰形成强冲击波而诱发爆轰。提出了点火具处的压力快速上升是形成压缩波的必要条件，从而对三种发射药的ＤＤＴ特性的差别做了很好的解释。此外，还考察了实验参数（火药特性，装填密度，约束条件）对ＤＤＴ特性的影响。

Abstract:

The mechanism and sensitivity of deflagration to detonation transition(DDT) in highly packed granular propellant beds confined in steel tube have been experimentally studied for D-45,S-14,and 3/1 propellants.The compressive wave andflame front in the DDT processes were monitored by strain gages and ionization probes,respectively.By separating the compressive wave front and the combustion wave front,it was found that the compressive wove formed in the burning region behind the flamefront,with the increase of its strength and velocity,would overtake the flame front andforms a strong shock wave to initiate the detonation.The analysis for the experimentaldata showed that a rapid pressure increase near the ignitor was a necessary condition forthe formation of the compressive wave,which could explain the difference in DDT characteristics of the three propellants mentioned above.The influence on DDT characteristics of the experimental parameters(propellant properties,loading density,confinement) has also been investigated.