叠氮化钠催化热分解及其与氮气发生剂燃速相关性研究

A STUDY ON THE CATALYTIC THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF SODIUM AZIDE AND CORRELATION WITH THE NITROGEN GENERATING PROPELLANTS’ BURNING RATES

关键词:  叠氮化钠  催化剂  热分解  燃气发生器推进剂  燃速

Key words:  Sodium azide  Catalyst  Thermal decomposition  Gas generator propellant  Burning rate

摘要:

应用ＤＴＡ、ＴＧ、ＤＴＧ热分析技术，研究了叠氮化钠的热分解特性，考察了催化剂对叠氮化钠热分解行为的影响，筛选出有效的催化剂和抑制剂。考察了所选催化剂对氮气发生剂燃速的影响规律。结果表明，促进叠氮化钠分解的催化剂，一般也是氮气发生剂的增速剂；抑制剂也是氮气发生剂的降速剂。

Abstract:

The thermal decomposition characteristics of sodium azid (SA) are studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). The thermal decomposition catalysts are selected. Potassium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate and strontium chloride have positive effects on neat SA decomposition, but alumina,sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate have retarding effects on it. These catalysts are used in the nitrogen generating propellants’ formulation. The additives which promote the decomposition of SA are generally modifiers increasing propellants’ burning rate, and the additives which suppress the decomposition of SA are modifiers decreasing burning rate.