冲压推进技术评论

A REVIEW ON RAMJET PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY

关键词:  空气喷气发动机  冲压式喷气发动机  高超音速冲压喷气发动机  整体式火箭冲压发动机  述评

Key words:  Air breathing engine  Ramjet engine  Hypersonic ramjet  Integrate rocket ramjet  Review

摘要:

从飞航式导弹的历史发展的观点,论述了不同时期各类动力装置在导弹中的地位和作用.指出随导弹的不断发展,战术技术性能的不断提高,目前导弹正向超音速和高超音速(Ma>2～6)、中高空(H>15～40km)、超低空(H<30～100m)和中远程(L>100km)方向发展,而航空航天技术的发展也从亚音速、超音速开始发展到高超音速.这就是说导弹和航空航天技术已经发展到进入冲压发动机最佳工作领域的新阶段.为了适应未来新一代导弹以及军民用高超音速飞行器的技术要求,就必须发展一种重量轻、体积小、速度快、射程远而机动性能又好的动力装置,而冲压及其组合推进技术则是它的最佳选择.现在冲压推进技术本身的发展已近成熟,而导弹和航空航天的技术发展又为它提供广阔的活动新天地,冲压推进技术活跃于世界舞台的新时代即将到来.

Abstract:

In this paper, the functions and the standings of various kinds of powerplants in cruise missiles are described historically. With the development of cruise missiles and the rigorous requirement of their technical and tactical performances, they are tending towards supersonic and hypersonic speed (Ma>2-6), medium-high altitude (H>15-40km)or very low altitude (H<30-100m) and medium-low rang (L>100km). Meanwhile the aerospace technology is also stepping into the hypersonic age from subsonic and supersonic, which maens missile and aerospace technology has approached a new period that ramjet can be used at their optimum operation condition. In order to meet the requirements of the new generations of cruise missile and civil/military hypersonic vehicles in next decades, a new kind of powerplants would be developed so that they could be endowed with lighter weight, lower volume, higher speed, longer range and better maneuverability, so to say, ramjet and its combined propulsion technology are the optimum options. Now ramjet propulsion technology itself has approached to be mature and GM and aerospace technology will also offer a new area to it.So a new period that ramjet and its combined propulsion technology will grow vigorously all over the word is coming.