多发配置下涡轴发动机扭矩匹配控制方法研究

Torque Matching Control Method of Turboshaft Engine with Multi-Engine State

关键词:  直升机  涡轴发动机  发动机建模  PID控制  扭矩匹配  控制方法

摘要:

对于配置多台发动机的直升机，发动机工作状态的差异会严重影响传动系统寿命，因此需要采用适当的控制方法对多台发动机的输出扭矩进行实时匹配。目前的匹配方法多适用于双发配置，对多发配置下涡轴发动机扭矩匹配方法研究较少。针对多发匹配问题，提出了一种适用于多发配置下的涡轴发动机扭矩匹配控制方法，设计了单边匹配和双边匹配两种方法。建立了三发配置的涡轴发动机/旋翼综合实时模型，并在此模型的基础上对两种匹配方法进行了仿真对比。结果表明：所提出的控制方法能够在满足旋翼功率需求的前提下，快速地使三台发动机的输出扭矩相互平衡，相同的匹配方法高空工作点的匹配时间比地面延长50%以上；相同的工作点双边匹配的匹配时间比单边匹配缩短了50%以上，双边匹配的扭矩匹配时间显著缩短，但动力涡轮转速的下垂量稍大；作为匹配速度的代价可以接受。

Abstract:

For helicopters equipped with multiple engines, the difference in engine working state will seriously affect the transmission system life, so it is necessary to adopt appropriate control method to real-time match the output torque of multiple engines. The current matching method is mostly applicable to the twin-engine configuration, but there is little research on the torque matching method of turboshaft engine under multiple-engine configuration. To solve the problem of multiple matching, a torque matching control method for turboshaft engine under multiple-engine configuration is proposed. Unilateral matching method and bidirectional matching method were designed. A real - time integrated turboshaft engine/rotor model with three engines is established. The results show that the proposed control method can quickly balance the output torque of three engines on the premise of meeting the requirements of rotor power. With the same matching method, the matching time of the high-altitude working point is more than 50% longer than that of the ground. The matching time of bilateral matching of the same working point is more than 50% shorter than that of unilateral matching. The matching time of torque of bilateral matching is significantly shorter, but the droop of power turbine speed is slightly larger. It’s acceptable as the cost of matching speed.